![]() ![]() you can omit material by using three or four spaced points to indicate the omission.the first letter of the first word of a quotation may be changed to an uppercase or a lowercase letter.You do not translate a quotation and only the following changes are allowed: (Strick , Stoeckart, & Dijksterhuis, 2015, p. If the citation is not part of the narrative (as in the example above), the whole citation is placed at the end of the block quotation: Applying a period of unconscious thought to race-related decisions appears effective to overcome this problem, as the results suggested that this led to less biased memory representations than immediate decisions or conscious thought. (p. We found evidence that conscious thought increases the likelihood of biased memory representations of Black and White people, which in turn increases the likelihood of racially biased evaluative judgments of these people. ![]() Strick, Stoeckart and Dijksterhuis (2015) conclude: Start such a block quotation on a new line and indent about a half inch from the left margin.The citation at the end is placed after the final punctuation mark. If you use a quotation of more than 40 words, display it as a freestanding block of text without quotation marks. 603).īuddenbaum (1986) concluded: "Although religion news no longer seems to be synonymous with local news, this study found it still means primarily news of Christians and Christian organizations" (p. She concluded: "Although religion news no longer seems to be synonymous with local news, this study found it still means primarily news of Christians and Christian organizations" (Buddenbaum, 1986, p. Use quotation marks when you have a short quotation: When you quote you always mention the page where the quotation can be found (and of course author(s) and year). ( Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary, 1980, p. When you cite a journal article you put these words between quotation marks, in case of book titles you give them in italics. ![]() If there is no personal or institutional author, you use the first three words of the title for in text citations. as can be read in the report (WRR, 2010).Ī publication without a personal or institutional author The Wetenschappelijke Raad voor het Regeringsbeleid (2010) published a study. In the list of references the complete name is used. The rule is: explain the abbreviation the first time you cite the publication of this organization, in subsequent citations you can use the abbreviation. You may use familiar abbreviations of organization names. In the final report (Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau, 2010, p. Then you mention the organization as the author. Sometimes a publication has no personal author but an organization as author. In this case you keep mentioning the year, also when you repeat the citation within one paragraph.Ī publication with an institutional author Should that be the case, mention as many names as is necessary to avoid confusion. This must not lead to confusion with other sources. In the first citation and the subsequent ones only mention the first author followed by et al. ![]() these conclusions (Sattler et al., 2011, p. was shown (Sattler, Brown, Evans, & Cohen, 2011, p. (this means et alii et without period and al. The first time you mention the source you cite all names, in subsequent citations cite only the name of the first author followed by et al. A publication with more than two and less than six authors In a recently published advice (Hogenaar & Van Dort, 2007). Hogenaar and Van Dort (2007) published an advice . If they are cited within parentheses, you use an ampersand ("&") between them. Įach time you cite, you mention both authors. You use "and" between the two names, if they are part of the narrative. In research on life styles (Jones, 2012, p. You can place these citations in your text in the following ways: In the most simple case you cite publications with only one author. ![]()
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